Medical insurance for people 65 and older. It makes up about 14 percent of the mandatory spending. This describes:

Louie is at a protest when he faces an opposing protest. Louie yells, “Don’t let those bloody, criminal, un-American jerks step on your rights, no matter what! We stay; they leave!” The police try to make Louie’s group back up. Louie’s group of protesters charges the other group and the police. Unfortunately, Louie’s group injures three people, including a police officer. Louie is indicted for inciting a riot. Louie argues that he was exercising his right to free speech. Two of the state’s witnesses, who were members of Louie’s group, testified that they would not have participated in the riot without Louie’s call to action. Concerning this case against Louie, here is the most likely result:

Mercedes signs a contract that says that she will paint a mural of her friend Blossom in exchange for Blossom giving Mercedes the secret recipe to Blossom’s beloved banana sushi. Mercedes labors day and night painting the mural, however when she finally finishes and asks for the recipe, Blossom laughs and points to an area of the contract which has extremely fine print (only legible to people with magnifying glasses). This incredibly small print says that Mercedes must also paint 40 murals of Blossom all around the city before getting the recipe. Even though Mercedes knows that she has signed this document with a level head, she sues. Does she have a case against Blossom?

A 75-year-old patient has been diagnosed with mild Alzheimer’s disease after comprehensive cognitive testing. When discussing treatment options, which of the following factors is MOST important in the shared decision-making process about whether to initiate pharmacological treatment?

A 72-year-old woman with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease (MMSE 24/30) undergoes PET imaging confirming the presence of amyloid plaques. Her family asks about newly approved disease-modifying therapies. Which of the following monoclonal antibodies targeting amyloid-beta has been approved by the FDA and has demonstrated slowing of cognitive decline in early Alzheimer’s disease?

A 62-year-old man with a history of alcohol use disorder presents to your outpatient clinic. He has been sober for 2 years but continues to struggle with insomnia and irritability. He reports occasional cravings but does not want to relapse. Which non-pharmacological intervention would be most beneficial at this stage?

A 28-year-old man presents to clinic requesting help for opioid addiction. He reports daily heroin use for the past 5 years and last used 12 hours ago. He is experiencing rhinorrhea, muscle aches, and yawning. He is highly motivated to quit and asks about medications that can be started now to reduce withdrawal symptoms. Which is the best initial pharmacologic option?

What type of receptors sensitive to physical distortion are highly abundant in the somatic sensory system?

A 78-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his daughter, who reports that he has been increasingly confused over the past two days. He has difficulty focusing, frequently changes topics mid-sentence, and becomes agitated in the evening. His medical history includes hypertension and mild cognitive impairment. Which feature most strongly supports a diagnosis of delirium rather than dementia?  

Baseline labs in a workup for all patients with a substance use disorder would include: A. Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP); CBC; TSH B. Liver Function, Kidney Function, Electrolyte levels C. Urine toxicology,  Blood alcohol level (BAC) D. EKG & STD panel E. MRI