(01.09 LC)Which of the following describes a budget deficit?

(04.02 MC) Several major natural disasters disrupt supply lines and increase the expected inflation rate from 3% to 5%. If previously the real interest rate had been 6%, what is the new nominal interest rate?

(02.02 MC)Question refers to the excerpt below.”For the increase of the shipping and the encouragement of the navigation of this nation, which under the good providence and protection of God is so great a means of the welfare and safety of this Commonwealth: be it enacted by this present Parliament, and the authority thereof, that from and after the first day of December, one thousand six hundred fifty and one, and from thence forwards, no goods or commodities whatsoever of the growth, production or manufacture of Asia, Africa or America, or of any part thereof; or of any islands belonging to them,…shall be imported or brought into this Commonwealth of England,…in any other ship or ships, vessel or vessels whatsoever, but only in such as do truly and without fraud belong only to the people of this Commonwealth,…under the penalty of the forfeiture and loss of all the goods that shall be imported contrary to this act.”Source: The Navigation Act, 1651Restrictions outlined in acts such as the Navigation Act reflect which of the following?

(04.05 MC)Question refers to the excerpt below.”Build, therefore, your own world. As fast as you conform your life to the pure idea in your mind, that will unfold its great proportions. A correspondent revolution in things will attend the influx of the spirit.”Source: Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nature, 1836The excerpt above exemplifies which of the following intellectual trends?

(01.06 LC)What is the purpose of money?

(02.06 MC)Which of the following can make a business more productive?

(05.04, 05.05 MC)Question refers to the excerpts below.”All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”Source: 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution, 1868″The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”Source: 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution, 1870How did these amendments affect African Americans living in the South in the first few decades after the Civil War?

(02.01 LC)How were the French and Dutch colonial projects different from the Spanish?

(03.02 LC)Why did the pamphlet Common Sense have such a powerful impact on the American colonists?

(04.05 MC)Question refers to the excerpt below.”In a free government the security for civil rights must be the same as that for religious rights. It consists in the one case in the multiplicity of interests, and in the other in the multiplicity of sects. The degree of security in both cases will depend on the number of interests and sects; and this may be presumed to depend on the extent of country and number of people comprehended under the same government. This view of the subject must particularly recommend a proper federal system to all the sincere and considerate friends of republican government, since it shows that in exact proportion as the territory of the Union may be formed into more circumscribed Confederacies, or States oppressive combinations of a majority will be facilitated: the best security, under the republican forms, for the rights of every class of citizens, will be diminished: and consequently the stability and independence of some member of the government, the only other security, must be proportionately increased. Justice is the end of government. It is the end of civil society. It ever has been and ever will be pursued until it be obtained, or until liberty be lost in the pursuit.”Source: James Madison, Federalist No. 51, 1788Which of the following later developments was influenced by the ideas in the excerpt?