A 2-year-old child is being evaluated due to frequent fallin…

A 2-year-old child is being evaluated due to frequent falling and caregiver concerns that the child cannot perform the same activities on the playground as other 2-year-olds. Formal developmental screening reveals significant delays in gross motor skills, with normal language, visual-motor, adaptive, and social development. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis?

A 7-year-old boy is brought to the pediatric neurology clini…

A 7-year-old boy is brought to the pediatric neurology clinic by his parents due to recurrent seizures. The seizures started six months ago and occur about twice a month. The boy has no significant past medical history, and his developmental milestones are normal. His parents are concerned about the impact of seizures on his daily activities and school performance. Question: What is the recommended approach to initiating medication therapy in managing this child’s epilepsy?

A 6-year-old girl is brought to the clinic by her grandmothe…

A 6-year-old girl is brought to the clinic by her grandmother, who is concerned about her granddaughter’s growth and learning difficulties. The child was born to a mother with a history of heavy alcohol use during pregnancy. On physical examination, the girl has a small head circumference, a smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, and small palpebral fissures. She also has short stature and low body weight for her age. Neurodevelopmental assessment reveals poor coordination, attention deficits, and learning disabilities. Question: Which of the following sets of criteria are essential for diagnosing fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in this child?