(MC) The War of the Worldsby H. G. Wells    But who shall dwell in these worlds if they be   inhabited?…Are we or they Lords of the   World?…And how are all things made for man?—      KEPLER (quoted in The Anatomy of Melancholy) BOOK ONE: THE COMING OF THE MARTIANSCHAPTER ONE: THE EVE OF THE WAR, excerpt No one would have believed in the last years of the nineteenth century that this world was being watched keenly and closely by intelligences greater than man’s and yet as mortal as his own; that as men busied themselves about their various concerns they were scrutinised and studied, perhaps almost as narrowly as a man with a microscope might scrutinise the transient creatures that swarm and multiply in a drop of water. With infinite complacency men went to and fro over this globe about their little affairs, serene in their assurance of their empire over matter. It is possible that the infusoria under the microscope do the same. No one gave a thought to the older worlds of space as sources of human danger, or thought of them only to dismiss the idea of life upon them as impossible or improbable. It is curious to recall some of the mental habits of those departed days. At most terrestrial men fancied there might be other men upon Mars, perhaps inferior to themselves and ready to welcome a missionary enterprise. Yet across the gulf of space, minds that are to our minds as ours are to those of the beasts that perish, intellects vast and cool and unsympathetic, regarded this earth with envious eyes, and slowly and surely drew their plans against us. And early in the twentieth century came the great disillusionment. Yet so vain is man, and so blinded by his vanity, that no writer, up to the very end of the nineteenth century, expressed any idea that intelligent life might have developed there far, or indeed at all, beyond its earthly level. Nor was it generally understood that since Mars is older than our earth, with scarcely a quarter of the superficial area and remoter from the sun, it necessarily follows that it is not only more distant from time’s beginning but nearer its end. The secular cooling that must someday overtake our planet has already gone far indeed with our neighbour. Its physical condition is still largely a mystery, but we know now that even in its equatorial region the midday temperature barely approaches that of our coldest winter. Its air is much more attenuated than ours, its oceans have shrunk until they cover but a third of its surface, and as its slow seasons change huge snowcaps gather and melt about either pole and periodically inundate its temperate zones. That last stage of exhaustion, which to us is still incredibly remote, has become a present-day problem for the inhabitants of Mars. The immediate pressure of necessity has brightened their intellects, enlarged their powers, and hardened their hearts. And looking across space with instruments, and intelligences such as we have scarcely dreamed of, they see, at its nearest distance only 35,000,000 of miles sunward of them, a morning star of hope, our own warmer planet, green with vegetation and grey with water, with a cloudy atmosphere eloquent of fertility, with glimpses through its drifting cloud wisps of broad stretches of populous country and narrow, navy-crowded seas. And we men, the creatures who inhabit this earth, must be to them at least as alien and lowly as are the monkeys and lemurs to us. The intellectual side of man already admits that life is an incessant struggle for existence, and it would seem that this too is the belief of the minds upon Mars. Their world is far gone in its cooling and this world is still crowded with life, but crowded only with what they regard as inferior animals. To carry warfare sunward is, indeed, their only escape from the destruction that, generation after generation, creeps upon them. Read this line from The War of the Worlds: It is curious to recall some of the mental habits of those departed days… What does this line from the text suggest about people? (4 points)

The nurse is preparing to participate in a community discussion on the needs of the adolescents in the local school. The nurse should point out which goal is the primary concern for these young individuals as the committee makes plans?

The parents of a preschool-aged child want to begin preparing the child to attend school. What would the nurse suggest the parents discuss with the child to help with this preparation?

A parent calls the pediatrician’s office upset because their 2-year-old child has begun acting out now that the new baby is home. They want to have a bottle like the newborn and have begun to have accidents in their pants. Which statement by the nurse would best address this problem?

(MC) How does this sentence demonstrate an unusual use of syntax? Danced the night away, the excited party-goers. (4 points)

(HC) You have been asked to write an informative article on the importance of healthy eating for an elementary school newspaper. In a paragraph of five to seven complete sentences describe how you would present to your target audience the information you find during your research. (10 points)

(LC) Which of these domains is frequently researched based? (4 points)

(LC) What must you do to create a compelling argument that people want to read? (4 points)

(MC) Franklin Roosevelt’s “State of the Union Address, 1941,” excerpt (…) For there is nothing mysterious about the foundations of a healthy and strong democracy. The basic things expected by our people of their political and economic systems are simple. They are:   Equality of opportunity for youth and for others.   Jobs for those who can work.   Security for those who need it.   The ending of special privilege for the few   The preservation of civil liberties for all.   The enjoyment of the fruits of scientific progress in a wider and constantly rising standard of living. These are the simple, basic things that must never be lost sight of in the turmoil and unbelievable complexity of our modern world. The inner and abiding strength of our economic and political systems is dependent upon the degree to which they fulfill these expectations.Many subjects connected with our social economy call for immediate improvement. As examples:   We should bring more citizens under the coverage of old-age pensions and unemployment insurance.   We should widen the opportunities for adequate medical care.   We should plan a better system by which persons deserving or needing gainful employment may obtain it. I have called for personal sacrifice. I am assured of the willingness of almost all Americans to respond to that call. A part of the sacrifice means the payment of more money in taxes. In my Budget Message I shall recommend that a greater portion of this great defense program be paid for from taxation than we are paying today. No person should try, or be allowed, to get rich out of this program; and the principle of tax payments in accordance with ability to pay should be constantly before our eyes to guide our legislation. If the Congress maintains these principles, the voters, putting patriotism ahead of pocketbooks, will give you their applause. In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms.   The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world.   The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world.   The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings   which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world.   The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of   armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to   commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.To that new order we oppose the greater conception—the moral order. A good society is able to face schemes of world domination and foreign revolutions alike without fear. Since the beginning of our American history, we have been engaged in change—in a perpetual peaceful revolution—a revolution which goes on steadily, quietly adjusting itself to changing conditions—without the concentration camp or the quick—lime in the ditch. The world order which we seek is the cooperation of free countries, working together in a friendly, civilized society. This nation has placed its destiny in the hands and heads and hearts of its millions of free men and women; and its faith in freedom under the guidance of God. Freedom means the supremacy of human rights everywhere. Our support goes to those who struggle to gain those rights or keep them. Our strength is our unity of purpose. To that high concept there can be no end save victory. Roosevelt lists the basic things necessary for the foundations of a healthy and strong democracy. Which sentence from the excerpt best shows why Roosevelt believes these “basic things” are important to the United States? (4 points)

(MC) Franklin Roosevelt’s “State of the Union Address, 1941,” excerpt (…) For there is nothing mysterious about the foundations of a healthy and strong democracy. The basic things expected by our people of their political and economic systems are simple. They are:   Equality of opportunity for youth and for others.   Jobs for those who can work.   Security for those who need it.   The ending of special privilege for the few   The preservation of civil liberties for all.   The enjoyment of the fruits of scientific progress in a wider and constantly rising standard of living. These are the simple, basic things that must never be lost sight of in the turmoil and unbelievable complexity of our modern world. The inner and abiding strength of our economic and political systems is dependent upon the degree to which they fulfill these expectations.Many subjects connected with our social economy call for immediate improvement. As examples:   We should bring more citizens under the coverage of old-age pensions and unemployment insurance.   We should widen the opportunities for adequate medical care.   We should plan a better system by which persons deserving or needing gainful employment may obtain it. I have called for personal sacrifice. I am assured of the willingness of almost all Americans to respond to that call. A part of the sacrifice means the payment of more money in taxes. In my Budget Message I shall recommend that a greater portion of this great defense program be paid for from taxation than we are paying today. No person should try, or be allowed, to get rich out of this program; and the principle of tax payments in accordance with ability to pay should be constantly before our eyes to guide our legislation. If the Congress maintains these principles, the voters, putting patriotism ahead of pocketbooks, will give you their applause. In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms.   The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world.   The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world.   The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings   which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world.   The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of   armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to   commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.To that new order we oppose the greater conception—the moral order. A good society is able to face schemes of world domination and foreign revolutions alike without fear. Since the beginning of our American history, we have been engaged in change—in a perpetual peaceful revolution—a revolution which goes on steadily, quietly adjusting itself to changing conditions—without the concentration camp or the quick—lime in the ditch. The world order which we seek is the cooperation of free countries, working together in a friendly, civilized society. This nation has placed its destiny in the hands and heads and hearts of its millions of free men and women; and its faith in freedom under the guidance of God. Freedom means the supremacy of human rights everywhere. Our support goes to those who struggle to gain those rights or keep them. Our strength is our unity of purpose. To that high concept there can be no end save victory. Roosevelt lists three specific goals for the economy. One of these goals is the following:We should plan a better system by which persons deserving or needing gainful employment may obtain it. Which of the following “foundations of a healthy and strong democracy” most closely relates to this specific goal? (4 points)