Based on the provided data, what is the most likely function of spitting?

Joy knocks over chairs in the group home living room, which is typically followed by a lecture from staff members on appropriate behavior. The consulting behavior analyst suggests that staff members deliver praise and spend time with Joy when she appropriately asks for attention, while withholding any form of attention when Joy knocks over the chairs. Which differential reinforcement procedure is being used by the staff members?

When Antonio begins chipping at the table, drywall, and other nearby items, his behavior analyst prompts him to answer questions about his classes. After several repetitions, Antonio’s rate of chipping decreases to near zero. Which punishment procedure is this scenario an example of?

Mia often flops on to the ground when asked to transition to a new environment. Her behavior analyst develops a procedure where Mia earns 15-minutes of access to a preferred environment at the end of the day if she flops on to the ground no more than five times during the day. Which intervention is the behavior analyst using?

Ada, a behavior analyst, works with a client who enjoys going out to eat in the community. In her client’s behavior plan, Ada writes: “After mastery of the manding program has been achieved at home, the treatment team will collaborate with the family to identify new environments to practice this skill, including in the community, at school, and across various staff members and support.” Which section of the formal behavior plan does this information belong in?

Refer to the accompanying table. The marginal benefit of the 6th unit of activity is Units of Activity Total Cost Total Benefit 0 $ 0 $ 0 1 2 12 2 6 22 3 12 30 4 20 36 5 30 40 6 42 42 7 56 43  

A teacher teaches a student, who used to scream in class whenever they wanted to answer a question, to raise their hand instead. However, after a few weeks, the teacher stops calling on the student when they raise their hand. As a result, the student’s screaming increases to even higher levels than before the teacher taught them to raise their hand. Which unwanted effect of extinction is this scenario an example of?

Fabian is working with a client who hits himself to gain attention. He has trained the parent to respond by turning his head, stepping away, and ignoring the behavior for 5 minutes. Over time, the client’s hitting decreases. Which punishment procedure is this scenario an example of?

Eliana frequently asks her father about meal plans, averaging 120 inquiries daily. To reduce this behavior, Eliana’s behavior analyst suggests a differential reinforcement procedure: if Eliana asks about what is going to be made for a meal three times or fewer within an hour, her father will answer and give her an additional 3 minutes of attention at the end of the hour. If she asks three or more times, her father will refrain from answering and withhold any additional attention. Which differential reinforcement procedure is the behavior analyst recommending in this scenario?

Mari usually asks for a break from school work approximately 5 times per 10 minutes. In order to reduce the rate of asking for breaks, she now gets time with a preferred toy at the end of each 10-minute period in which she does not ask for a break more than twice. Given this information, which type of differential reinforcement procedure does this specify?