A 19-year-old female with asthma presents with worsening wheezing and shortness of breath. What long-term physiologic change contributes to persistent symptoms if uncontrolled?

A 25-year-old male has polyuria, polydipsia, and dehydration. Serum sodium is high, and urine osmolality is low. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 44-year-old woman with hypertension is noted to have left ventricular hypertrophy on echocardiogram. What is the most likely pathophysiologic mechanism?

A 62-year-old man experiences sudden cardiac arrest. CPR is initiated. What rhythm is most likely to respond to defibrillation?

A 70-year-old man presents with new-onset back pain and anemia. Labs show elevated serum calcium and creatinine. Serum protein electrophoresis shows an M spike. What is the diagnosis?

A 58-year-old man presents with resting leg pain and diminished pulses. He has non-healing ulcers on his toes. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 46-year-old female presents with fatigue, facial swelling, and muscle weakness. Labs show low cortisol and low ACTH levels. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient with asthma is prescribed a β2-agonist. What is the mechanism of action?

A 20-year-old man with schizophrenia is seen mumbling and tilting his head as if listening to someone. What is the best explanation?

A 16-year-old boy presents with proteinuria and hematuria following a streptococcal infection. What is the most likely cause?