Which of the following instruments is used for scalp hemostasis and retraction and resembles a Crile or Kelly hemostat, except the curve is to the side?

Which of the following conditions is described as a congenital defect when arteries and veins connect causing blood to divert away from surrounding brain tissue?

Which of the following conditions can be described as forward displacement of the upper vertebral body onto the lower vertebral body?

Which of the following portions of the spinal column consists of five fused vertebrae in the average adult?

The name of the structure that produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is:

Which of the following terms is used for the final branching of the respiratory tree?

Which of the following facial sinuses is used for surgical approach to a pituitary adenoma rather than traditional craniotomy?

Which of the following structures is considered the “pacemaker” of the heart?

Which of the following conditions is a result of torn bridging veins between the cerebral cortex and venous sinuses?

Which of the following anatomical structures is the soft, gelatinous part of the intervertebral disc that is sent as specimen after diskectomy?