For many years, the special form policy was referred to as a…

For many years, the special form policy was referred to as an “all risk” policy. In recent years, insurers have attempted to replace the term “all risk” policy with “open perils” policy when describing the special form (not changing the policy, just the name). Why have the insurance companies attempted this?

The A992 steel (E = 200GPa) column can be considered pinned…

The A992 steel (E = 200GPa) column can be considered pinned at the top and bottom and braced against its weak axis at the mid-height. Determine the maximum allowable force P that the column can support without buckling. Apply a F.S. = 2 against buckling. Take A= 7.4 x 10-3 m2, Ixx=87.9 x 10-6  m4 and Iyy = 18.7 x 10-6 m4 a = 6 m