Researchers used computer graphics to generate composite faces that reflected the exact mathematical average of the facial features of a large number of individual photographs. They then asked participants to rate the attractiveness of the composite photograph and the individual photographs that were combined to make up the composite. These researchers found that

Which of the following statements about in-groups is true?

________ refers to the dissonance aroused after we have chosen between two or more alternatives.

________ refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclinations of their individual members.

When we have unwittingly caused our stereotypic expectations to be confirmed by an out-group member’s behavior, we have actually created a(n)

________ refers to our tendency to view members of ________ as more similar to one another than they really are.

Researchers asked some participants to think of six times they had behaved assertively and asked other participants to think of twelve times they had behaved assertively, and then asked all participants to rate how assertive they thought they really were. Participants who tried to generate six examples of assertive behaviors rated themselves as more assertive than did participants who tried to generate twelve examples. The point that this study illustrates is that

________ conformity is to the desire to be right as ________ conformity is to the desire to be liked.

In a controlled experiment, Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) informed grade school teachers that some of their students (called “bloomers”) would show great academic improvement in the upcoming year. In reality, the “bloomers” were chosen randomly by the researchers, and were no smarter than any of the other students. Which of the following best describes the results of this study? At the end of the year,

Recall that even when participants in an experiment conducted by Jones and Harris (1967) were told that people were assigned to write an essay sympathetic to Cuban dictator Fidel Castro, they still were willing to assume that the essay reflected the writer’s true “pro-Castro” attitudes. These findings illustrate