The interior of fruit is considered sterile if the protective fruit coverings are intact. 

The ________________ rate is the total number of deaths in the population due to a given disease, while the ____________________ is the number of people afflicted with a certain disease.     

The toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum is:

Violet Red Bile Agar (VRBA) is used for   

Which is NOT used as a chemical preservative in food?   

Which is true about Koch’s postulates?

Match the following characteristics with Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria.  

Match the following characteristics with Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria.  

The bacterial shape that is gently spherical is called   

The cells that are viable but cannot be grown on all media are called