Equations discussed in Chapters 54 – 57: * = multiplication sign dn/dt = B – D dn/dt = b*N – d*N r = (b-d) dn/dt = r*N dn/dt = r*N * ((K-N)/K) Ro = sum (lx * mx) Nt = No * Rot r*B > C Ppersist = 1−E+(M*(1−E)) Pregional = 1−(Pextinct A * Pextinct B * Pextinct C * Pextinct D) Where Pextinct = 1−Ppersist lx = nx/no Nt+1 = Nt*Ro Nt = No*Rot

Two species of lizards living on the same island have similar diets and body sizes. Over time, one species evolves longer limbs, allowing it to capture different prey. This is an example of:

Which of the following traits is most characteristic of an r-selected population?

A desert plant species blooms only after a significant rainfall event. When enough water is absorbed by its roots, a hormonal signal triggers the plant to flower and reproduce. Is the hormone-induced flowering a proximate or ultimate cause of behavior?

You are designing an experiment to test whether a particular plant species benefits from mutualistic interactions with ants. What is a key component that you must include in your experimental design to demonstrate mutualism?

Which of the following best describes a trade-off in life history strategies?

In a population where birth rates and death rates are equal, which of the following statements is most accurate?

What is the general term that refers to a test’s ability to produce results that are replicable? 

This type of score reflects the average raw score for a particular age or grade. These scores should be presented with caution because these scores are the least useful and most misleading scores obtained from standardized testing. 

The starting point for test administration and scoring is referred to as the , while refers to the ending or stopping point in test administration. The test manuals determine the rules for each; these vary by test which makes studying the manual so important!