Zach has worked with Dr. Castelli as his teaching assistant…

Zach has worked with Dr. Castelli as his teaching assistant for the last three semesters. Over time, Zach has established a trustworthy relationship with Dr. Castelli. Zach now has the authority to freely meet with students one-on-one to review course material without his professor’s knowledge. However, afterward, he must brief the professor on who comes to meet with him and what he discusses with the students. In this scenario, Zach has the authority to report.

Audrey is the president of a consulting firm. She ensures th…

Audrey is the president of a consulting firm. She ensures that the firm’s departments, and individuals within the organization, work together to meet the needs of their clients. Audrey says, “It is a balancing act, trying to differentiate and integrate our departmental activities.” What organizational principle does Audrey’s priorities and comment represent?