A patient presents to the emergency department with severe u…

A patient presents to the emergency department with severe upper abdominal pain that radiates to the back, nausea, and vomiting. The patient has a history of heavy alcohol use. Laboratory tests show elevated serum amylase and lipase levels. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 65-year-old patient is diagnosed with pernicious anemia. L…

A 65-year-old patient is diagnosed with pernicious anemia. Laboratory results show low levels of vitamin B12 and positive antibodies for intrinsic factor. The patient is also experiencing fatigue, pallor, and numbness in the extremities. Which of the following is the most likely underlying mechanism contributing to the patient’s condition?