The following data are obtained for an adult patient: FiO2 0.45   pH 7.38 VD/Vt 0.31   PaCO2 3 mmHg RER (q) 0.8   PaO2 65 mmHg Pb 747  mmHg   HCO3- 25 mEq/L       BE +1 mE42/L       SO2 (calc) 99% What is the P(A-a)O2 (mm Hg)?

Calculate the patient CaO2 from the data below ABG HR 89 pH 7.39 RR 18 PaCO2 43 mmHg BP 122/82 PaO2 90 mmHg HCO3- 25 mEq/L BUN 8 BE 1 mEq/L Na+ 141 SaO2 99% Cl 100 Hgb 12 vol%/dL K 5.0

PEEP set above the critical closing pressure of potentially collapsible lung units promotes sustained recruitment may help avoid which VILI?

What are some of the lung protection ventilation strategies suggested from “The Evolution of Lung Protective Ventilation in ARDS – Jesus Villar, MD”.   PICK ALL THAT APPLY

The cyclic opening and collapse of such atelectatic but recruitable lung units during tidal ventilation contribute to lung injury termed

The use of lower transpulmonary pressure (airway minus pleural pressure), the difference between the pressure inside versus outside the lung may help lower incident of which VILI?

Mechanical lung injury triggers by the use of high inflation pressure and low tidal volume can result in which VILI?

Which artery branches off from the ascending aorta?  

Which type of blood vessels transport blood at high pressure?  

Please label the valve V1.