Assuming that you are given the following datasets: flood zone map of the U.S. with polygons delineating areas (in polygons) prone to flooding; a map showing all properties in polygons that had filed a flood insurance claim in the past five years. It is believed that the flood zone map needs to be updated. Describe clearly and precisely the data/variables, process, specific functions-operations and parameter values that are required to complete the following task: identify the areas in the flood zone map that need to be updated and the types of update. If you need to make any assumptions, explicitly state these assumptions.

“In network analysis, the best route is the least cost route.”

  Given the above three raster layers and using map algebra concepts and functions, what should be the output layers (OutLayer) of the following operations? Provide your answers by cells from left to right, and then top to bottom. OutLayer = Overlay (LayerA + LayerB). Ignore Layer C in this question.

Across the entire U.S., geocoding through address matching using 2010 or earlier TIGER street database was highly accurate because the street database had the coordinate of every house.

“During a neighborhood operation, all moving windows have the same dimension and the same set of weights within the study area”

  Given the above three raster layers, using map algebra concepts and functions, what should be the output layers (OutLayer) of the following operations? Provide your answers by cells from left to right, and then top to bottom. Layer C is not used in this question. OutLayer = ZonalAverage(LayerA, (Is.LayerB>=50)) where LayerA is the input layer, and the second parameter of the zonal function defines the zones (or the zone layer).

Most spatial interpolation methods are conceptually identical in that they all combine fractions (weights) of observed values from sampled locations to derive the estimates of unsampled locations.

Although values in input layers may be in interval-ratio scales, the outputs should be in binary or ordinal scale because “reclassing” values to binary or ordinal classes is required in cartographic modeling. 

MA: When vector overlay operation of intersect is applied, what is/are the possible feature type(s) of the outputs conceptually, given the following input feature types? Overlaying line features with polygon features. 

  Given the above three raster layers, using map algebra concepts and functions, what should be the output layers (OutLayer) of the following operations? Provide your answers by cells from left to right, and then top to bottom.  OutLayer = Con(LayerA =< 3, LayerB, LayerC)