A conclusion in a cateogrical syllogism is logically invalid if: 

If P then Q Not Q Therefore Not P  

Which theory suggests that humans have evolved specific cognitive mechanisms to detect rule-breakers in social exchange situations?

When dual process theories indicate that some reasoners may use a “probabilistic” cause-effect strategy for reasoning problems, what does that mean? 

According to the mental models approach: 

In Mental Models theory, incorrectly rejecting Modus Tollens conclusions typically occurs because:

In their 2005 study on the effects of individual differences in working memory capacity on reasoning with conditional statements, DeNays et al. found that:

What is the typical correct response rate for the abstract, content-free, version of the Wason Card Selection Task?

Reasoning from a stereotype is most closely related to this heuristic:

Which of the following is true regarding people’s performance on the Wason Card Selection Task?