A 2001 paper by J. Jackson and 18 other authors made the pro…

A 2001 paper by J. Jackson and 18 other authors made the provocative suggestion that progressive loss of large consumers, due to human consumption beginning long ago, underlies the present nearly collapsed state of important coastal ecosystems.  For each of these ecosystems what are these historically important key consumers that now have relatively small populations in many places?   kelp forests

When algal species that had been used in successful maricult…

When algal species that had been used in successful mariculture programs in some parts of the south Pacific were transported to Hawaii (where they do not grow naturally) to build a mariculture program there, they began to grow unchecked on the coral reefs, smothering the corals.