When developmentalists combine the results of many research studies into one overall conclusion, they are conducting a __________.

Advocates of the __________ perspective believe that much behavior is motivated by inner forces, memories, and conflicts of which a person has little awareness and over which a person has little control.

A specific time during development at which a particular event has its greatest consequences and the presence of certain kinds of environmental stimuli is necessary for development to proceed normally is called __________.

Freud believed that the ego operates on the __________.

Explain the four different types of cohort effects.

What is the greatest criticism of the Piagetian perspective?

Researchers in the early learning department of a university are conducting a long-term study to see how problem-solving skills change over time as school-age students move from elementary school to high school to college. What type of development are the researchers most likely studying?

An information-processing approach that builds on Piaget’s research is known as __________ theory, because it considers cognition as made up of different types of individual skills.

Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development proposes ________ distinct stages.

Which statement BEST explains why the concept of race is exceedingly imprecise?