Which property refers to the mineral’s resistance to shattering (not scratching)?

Which property refers to whether a mineral can be scratched?

An explanation that tries to explain how or why a phenomenon occurs in a manner observed by the scientist is called a _____________________.  

The four spheres of Earth are 

Use the table below to answer the questions that follow. Thermodynamic Quantities for Selected Substances at 298.15 K (25 °C)​SubstanceΔH°f (kJ/mol)ΔG°f (kJ/mol)S (J/K-mol)​ Calcium Ca (s)0041.4 CaCl2 (s)-795.8-748.1104.6 Ca2+ (aq)226.7209.2200.8Chlorine Cl2 (g) 00222.96 Cl- (aq)-167.2-131.256.5Oxygen O2 (g)00205.0 H2O (l)-285.83-237.1369.91Phosphorus P2 (g)144.3103.7218.1 PCl3 (g)-288.1-269.6311.7 POCl3 (g)-542.2-502.5325Sulfur S (s, rhombic)0031.88 SO2(g)-269.9-300.4248.5 SO3(g)-395.2-370.4256.2The value of ΔG° at 25 °C for the formation of POCl3 from its constituent elements, P2 (g) + O2 (g) + 3Cl2 (g) → 2POCl3 (g)is ________ kJ/mol.

Which substance is the oxidizing agent in the reaction below? Fe(CO)5 (l) + 2HI (g) → Fe(CO)4I2 (s) + CO (g) + H2 (g)

Use the table below to answer the questions that follow. Thermodynamic Quantities for Selected Substances at 298.15 K (25 °C)​SubstanceΔH°f (kJ/mol)ΔG°f (kJ/mol)S (J/K-mol)​ Calcium Ca (s)0041.4 CaCl2 (s)-795.8-748.1104.6 Ca2+ (aq)226.7209.2200.8Chlorine Cl2 (g) 00222.96 Cl- (aq)-167.2-131.256.5Oxygen O2 (g)00205.0 H2O (l)-285.83-237.1369.91Phosphorus P2 (g)144.3103.7218.1 PCl3 (g)-288.1-269.6311.7 POCl3 (g)-542.2-502.5325Sulfur S (s, rhombic)0031.88 SO2(g)-269.9-300.4248.5 SO3(g)-395.2-370.4256.2The value of ΔG° at 25 °C for the decomposition of phosphorous trichloride into its constituent elements, 2PCl3 (g) → P2 (g) + 3Cl2 (g)is ________ kJ/mol.

The value of ΔG° for a reaction conducted at 25 °C is 3.05 kJ/mol. The equilibrium constant for a reaction is ________ at this temperature.

Given the following chemical equilibrium,COCl2(g) CO(g) + Cl2(g)calculate the value of Kc, given that Kp = 6.5 × 1011 at 298 K. (R = 0.08206 L⋅atm/mol⋅K)

According to the textbook, when applied to Speed Limit Laws, why does Game Theory – Prisoner’s Dilemma have a different outcome as opposed to cutting down on nuclear weapons?  Why do both parties (those who abide by the speed laws and those who do not abide by the speed laws) agree to obey the speed laws?  Explain why.