The flux or the amount of glucose that is broken down in the…

The flux or the amount of glucose that is broken down in the glycolysis pathway is primarily controlled by the regulation of the enzyme phosphofructokinase I (PFK I). This enzyme is strongly activated by AMP and inhibited by citrate. A) Briefly explain why these two compounds are good choices for regulation of PFK I. (2 pts.) AMP: Citrate: B) The enzyme phosphofructokinase II (PFK-2) coverts fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, which is a potent activator of phosphofructokinase I (PFK-1). The activity of PFK-2 is regulated by PKA phosphorylation. Is the kinase activity of PFK-2 activated or inhibited in the liver in response to epinephrine? (1 pt.)

What is the advantage gained by the glutamatergic cell in sh…

What is the advantage gained by the glutamatergic cell in shuttling lactate when it appears that a pyruvate shuttle would be more direct?  (1 pt.) What role does Ala play in the shuttle system? Again, it appears that shuttling pyruvate would be more direct, since you start with pyruvate in the glutamatergic cell and end up with pyruvate in the astrocyte.  (1 pt.) Write out the reaction that takes 2-oxoglu, which is another name for

MC Questions 12 – 20 A.        UTP or UDP or PLP (vitam…

MC Questions 12 – 20 A.        UTP or UDP or PLP (vitamin B6) F.         NADP+/NADPH or Transaminase or Carnitine B.        ATP/ADP or Biotin G.        FAD/FADH2 or Mutase or CO2 or HCO3- C.        ATP/AMP or Phosphatase or Fumarate H.        Pi or 2Pi (phosphate) or Synthase or Citrate D.        GTP/GDP or Kinase or Glutamate I.         H2O or Urea or Phosphorylase E.        NAD+/NADH or Dehydrogenase or

Amino acids are classified as ketogenic or glucogenic.  Expl…

Amino acids are classified as ketogenic or glucogenic.  Explain what this means and give an example of an amino acid metabolic breakdown product that is ketogenic and one that is glucogenic.  In addition, give an example of an amino acid that would be degraded to the intermediate you have chosen. Names, structures, or abbreviations are fine. a. Ketogenic, meaning: b. Example of ketogenic metabolic product: c. Ketogenic Amino acid: d. Glucogenic, meaning:  e. Example of glycogenic metabolic product:                d. Glucogenic Amino acid: