Marcus Wayne Kilpatrick was a wannabe researcher at USF but accidentally stumbled on a cool idea that led to a line of research, some publications, and a nice research grant. Next comes the background and a description of one of his research designs (which has been altered to fit this exam question).  Prevailing research in exercise science notes that both moderate continuous exercise and intense continuous exercise are beneficial to health but also suggests intense continuous exercise can provided greater benefits than moderate continuous exercise. However, research also indicates that moderate continuous exercise is more likely to facilitate future adherence than is intense continuous exercise because continuous intense exercise produces more negative in-task mood-related responses. The somewhat unfortunate outcome is that if we want people to adhere to exercise we are better off prescribing moderate continuous exercise even though intense continuous exercise might be somewhat better for health.   Marcus’ idea was that maybe high-intensity interval training (HIIT) would be a way to get the physiological benefits of intense exercise without negatively impacting exercise enjoyment and so he designed an experiment. He invited 40 sedentary individuals to come to the lab for 2 experimental visits to see how they compared on enjoyment and perceived exertion (RPE). The first experimental visit included a session of continuous intense exercise, and the second experimental visit included a session of HIIT using 60-second intervals. Each was 20 minutes in duration. Lab visits were randomized and designed to create equal work/energy expenditure for each experimental trial. Measurements were completed at 5 different time points during each session: 4 mins, 8 mins, 12 mins, 16 mins, & 20 mins. Note that the HIIT measurements were taken near the conclusion of the work portion of the intervals.  Each of the following questions are valued at 2 points. A-What is/are the dependent variable/variables? List and be specific.  B-What is/are the independent variable/variables? List and be specific.  C-Is the design single factor or factorial? Explain.  D-Is the design univariate or multivariate? Explain.  E-What is a likely null hypothesis? F-What is a likely research hypothesis? G- Is this a within-subjects design or a between-subjects design. Explain.   

When does Research Methods meet?  Select all correct responses. 

Below you will find several statements related to the hierarchy of medical evidence. Which statements are accurate? Note this is a multiple answer question, more than one response may be correct, and you should select all correct responses. 

 Levi-Strauss & Co. is an example of a company that has adopted global sourcing guidelines to use only suppliers who do not make use of child or prison labor.

A radiograph of a clavicle is taken using 12 mAs at 60 kVp with a 5:1 grid.  If an 8:1 grid is employed for the same exposure, what will the new mAs be?

Which of the following grid errors will result in correct density in the center of the image, but lower density on the sides? Off-level Off-focus Off-center Upside-down

Cardiomegaly is defined as a(n):

Who was responsible for improving Dr. Gustave Bucky’s design of the grid by designing a device that allowed the grid to move during exposure?

III. Structure A. On a faim et soif!  Tell what these people are eating or drinking by completing each sentence with the appropriate form of prendre or boire. (8 x 1 pts. each = 8 pts.)

The use of grids will result in: