You are evaluating the normal patellar positioning during the motion of knee extension to knee flexion in a patient that complains of knee pain. Under normal conditions you will expect:

A snowmobile driver left the trail and struck a tree. The driver’s left knee was flexed at approximately 90 degrees and the tibia was impacted anteriorly creating a vector force in a posterior direction (from anterior to posterior). What would this mechanism of injury MOST result in?

The deep segmental muscles that collaborate with the lumbar intra-abdominal pressure and resultant stability of the lumbar spine are:

From flexion to extension the patella glides superiorly, which muscle helps to stabilize the patella the most during the end range of extension?

Which patterns of motions would be most limited if the coxo-femoral capsule is the main limiting structure?

During a standing x-ray an increase of the lower extremity Q angle is found to be 30°. What hypothesis can you make? Choose the BEST answer:

A patient with increase femoral angle of inclination will present with which of the following apparent adaptations?

The effects of rotation of the knee on the menisci are dissimilar, thus their injury rate is different because:

The talocrural joint has an oblique axis which during non-weight bearing dorsiflexion, in the transverse plane around a vertical axis facilitates the combined motion of:

A patient with neck pain brings you a picture of their workstation. You observe that the patient sits with a forward head position to maintain their eyes in line with the computer screen. What changes in the spine curvature do you expect to observe?