Describe how O2 and hormones reach osteocytes of compact and trabecular:

List factors that increase a cell’s risk of becoming a cancer cell AND then describe the intracellular mechanisms that cause a normal cell to become a cancer cell:

Explain the mechanisms needed for your body to heal cut or damaged skin including the specific steps needed to repair, regrow, and rebuild the damaged dermis AND epidermis layers.

In class, your patient was diagnosed with a tumor or cancer (i.e., cancer cards). You researched the tumor/cancer and then discussed that tumor/cancer with classmates in groups. Name your specific tumor/cancer. Describe the important and essential information you learned about this specific type of tumor/cancer; including what type of tissue it is derived from; what are the primary causes of this tumor/cancer; and how it is treated. Finally, include any interesting or up to date info you researched about this tumor/cancer.

Describe the histological/anatomical basis of skin color (your answer should include specific cells, layers and/or tissues). Note, answer part I of the question first, THEN explain the difference in skin color between lighter and darker individuals:

To make a tattoo permanent, the ink is deposited with a needle into which layer of the skin?

A twenty year old begins weight training as part of their gymnastics program.  This requires lifting heavy loads twice a week for three months. In this situation, are reported to be the primary cells that detect the added stress on the bones which then signal to increase the activity of in order to create the needed changes in bone density and strength.

A patient has a benign thyroid tumor. Surgery is performed to remove the tumor. Unfortunately, the doctors have to remove most of the parathyroid glands during the surgery. Predict calcium levels in their blood due to having very low PTH levels:

These are BONUS QUESTIONS. You can answer any that you choose, but make sure you have already completed the real exam questions first! What is the BRAF gene and why is the BRAF V600E mutation important? Describe the relationship between the genes MGMT or PRAME and cancer risk: Describe the specific cellular changes triggered by active Vitamin D3 binding to its receptor in target cells: Describe how bisphosphonates work compared to Xgeva (denosumab): Describe how monoclonal antibodies such as Cemiplimab (Libtayo®) can help fight cancer: Predict how autografts of perichondrium might be useful surgically: Explain the severity of these injuries to a friend or colleague: MCL sprain/partial tear, Meniscus tear, Articular cartilage loss on the tibial plateau: Is there something else I forgot to ask you related to this Unit? Then explain any such topic(s) here and tell me what else you know:

CAR T-cell immunotherapy has been very successful in treating certain cancers. Which of the following describes this recently developed cancer treatment?