(a) The consequences of a growing human population have been a concern since the times of Thomas Malthus when he proposed that humans could exceed their carrying capacity on Earth. (i) Describe the concept of carrying capacity for a species. (ii) Describe how a change in the availability of a specific resource can affect the carrying capacity of a species. (b) As the human population grows, forests are often clear-cut. (i) Describe one negative effect of clear-cutting forested areas. (ii) Besides creating or expanding forest preserves, describe one mitigation strategy that humans can employ to reduce the negative impact of human population growth on forests. (iii) Describe an additional benefit of the mitigation strategy in described in (b)(ii). (c) As a country industrializes, it often moves through a demographic transition. The model below illustrates the changes through the four stages of the demographic transition.        (i) Based on the model, identify the stage in the demographic transition with the greatest change in crude birth rate. (ii) Based on the model, describe the relationship between the crude death rate and the crude birth rate that led to the trend in total population in stage 2. (iii) Explain one likely social or economic cause for the change in the crude birth rate illustrated in stage 3. (d) During a demographic transition, intensive agricultural practices used to feed a growing population can result in soil eroding from crop fields and running off into surface waters. (i) Make a claim that proposes an effective, long-term solution to minimize the erosion of topsoil into surface waters. (ii) Justify the claim made in (d)(i) by explaining and additional benefit to the proposed solution, other than preventing the erosion of topsoil. 

The red spruce forests along the East Coast of the United States have historically been damaged by acid deposition. (a) Describe one effect that acid deposition has on trees in a forest ecosystem. Scientists are interested in how the severity of acid deposition affects the soil of the red spruce forests. They design a laboratory experiment in which rainwater of different pH values is used to water soil samples taken from red spruce forests. The soil samples are the same size and contain the same ratios of sand, silt, and clay. The same amount of water is sprayed on the soil samples every day for a week. (b) Throughout the experiment, the scientists measured the concentration of toxic forms of aluminum in the soil samples. (i) Identify the likely scientific question being investigated in the experiment. (ii) Identify a dependent variable for the experiment. (iii) Explain how the results of the experiment would change if the soil sample used contained higher concentrations of limestone. In 2018 researchers found that many of the red spruce forests had started to recover from the damage caused by acid deposition. Based on this research, a group of scientists hypothesized that coal-fired power plants were a likely source of the pollutants that lead to acid deposition in the red spruce forests.   (c) To test their hypothesis, they researched the consumption of coal by electric utility companies in the United States and the pH of rainwater from a red spruce forest in Vermont between 2001 and 2018. (i) Based on the data in the graph, describe the trend in pH of rainwater from 2001 to 2018. (ii) Based on the data in the graph, identify the year with the highest coal consumption. (iii) Describe how a pollutant that is released from the combustion of coal contributes to the formation of acid deposition. (iv) One way that acid deposition can be reduced is by using scrubbers at coal-fired power plants to remove the pollutants that lead to its formation. Describe how a scrubber removes the pollutants that lead to the formation of acid deposition at coal-fired power plants. (v) Explain how the data in the graph support the hypothesis that the combustion of coal in coal-fired power plants could be correlated to the damage in the red spruce forests. (d) Other than the combustion of coal in power plants, identify another source of the gases that can cause the acid deposition affecting the forests. 

Q10.  A nurse caring for a diabetic patient noted the following symptoms: headache, nausea and vomiting, rapid pulse, and shallow respirations. What condition could this represent?

Q6.  A patient with Type 2 diabetes has a new prescription for repaglinide. After 1 week, she calls the office to ask what to do, because she keeps missing meals. “I work right through lunch sometimes, and I’m not sure whether I need to take it. What do I need to do?” What is the nurse’s best response?

Q 37. The nurse alerts the provider who is planning to start a patient on a gabapentinoid for diabetic neuropathy that the patient has a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Why did the nurse take this action?

Q49. The nurse evaluates teaching related to causes of seizures. Further teaching is needed if the patient makes which statement?

Q7. Which response by the nurse is correct when asked how sulfonylureas normalize glucose levels?

Q28. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has cancer about foods that prevent protein-energy malnutrition. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Q30. What will the nurse include when educating the patient on chemotherapy about skin care?

Q12. The nurse is caring for a patient whose fasting blood glucose is 202 mg/dL. What is the most likely cause for the elevated glucose level?