The phenotype of vestigial (short) wings (vg) in Drosophila melanogaster is caused by a recessive mutant gene that independently assorts with a recessive gene for hairy (h ) body. Assume that a cross is made between a fly with normal wings (homozygous) and a hairy body and a fly with vestigial wings and normal body hair (homozygous). The wild-type F1 flies were crossed among each other to produce 1024 offspring. What is the genotype of the fly with the normal wings and hairy body?

The simplest cells are the: 

The only haploid cells in animals are:

Nucleotides are linked together by a ____________ reaction between the _____________ of one nucleotide and the ____________ of the next nucleotide. 

In the animal life cycle _________ gametes fuse to form a _________ zygote.

Missing genetic material is usually less harmful than extra genetic material.

Which mechanism of reproduction leads to clonal offspring?

The trait of medium-sized leaves in iris is determined by the genetic condition PP’. Plants with large leaves are PP, while plants with small leaves are P’P’. A cross is made between two plants each with medium-sized leaves. They produce 80 seedlings. What type of cross is demonstrated in this problem?

The diploid number of chromosomes in pea plants is 14. What is the haploid chromosome number? 

What type of chromosomal abnormality is shown in the following karyotype?