In mice, a true-breeding female with a normal spine is cross…

In mice, a true-breeding female with a normal spine is crossed to a true-breeding male with a crooked spine. All of the F1 offspring have normal spines. The F1 female offspring are then crossed to true-breeding males with a crooked spine. All of the F2 offspring have normal spines. These are observations are consistent with

True-breeding tall plants with white flowers are crossed to…

True-breeding tall plants with white flowers are crossed to true-breeding dwarf plants with purple flowers. The F1 plants were tall with purple flowers. The genes that affect these traits independently assort. If the F1 plants were allowed to self-fertilize, the expected ratio of the F2 generation would be

A cross is made between a green four-o’clock and a white fou…

A cross is made between a green four-o’clock and a white four o’clock. Green chlorophyll synthesis is inherited via the chloroplasts, which are maternally inherited in this species. If the white plant provides the pollen, the expected outcome of the offspring would be