A student isolates, purifies, and combines in a test tube a variety of molecules needed for DNA replication. When she adds some DNA to the mixture, replication occurs, but each DNA molecule consists of a normal strand paired with numerous segments of DNA a few hundred nucleotides long. What has she probably left out of the mixture?  

During which of the following processes do homologous pairs of chromosomes align adjacent to one another at the metaphase plate of a cell?  

Which component is directly involved in translation?  

Which of the following changes in an exon is most likely to result in a nonfunctional protein product?  

During which of the following phases of meiosis do centromeres split and sister chromatids migrate to opposite poles of the cell?  

Which of the following statements describes the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell after telophase of meiosis I?  

Which of the following statements describes a major difference between meiosis II and mitosis in a diploid animal?  

Genetic variation leads to genetic diversity in populations and is the raw material for evolution. Which of the following statements best represents the connection between reproduction and evolution?  

The two homologs of a pair move toward opposite poles of dividing cell during ________.  

At which phase of the cell cycle do centrioles begin to move apart in animal cells?