The nurse is explaining the kidney’s role in acid–base balance to a client. What function does the nurse state the kidney performs to assist in maintaining acid–base balance within the necessary normal range?

A 78-year-old male client presents at the clinic reporting urinary problems. The client tells the nurse, I have frequency, urgency, and problems initiating and maintaining a urinary stream.” What cause should the nurse suspect?

A nurse is providing discharge education to a patient prescribed phenazopyridine. Which statement indicates understanding?

The nurse is caring for a client who is pregnant. The client states, “I help my elderly parent with medication administration who is taking dutasteride.” The nurse should instruct the client to take which action?

The nurse is providing care for a client with a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which drug would the nurse expect to administer to this client?

The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with renal failure, and the client’s regulation of vitamin D has been disrupted. When gauging the degree of vitamin D disruption, which assessment data should the nurse assess?

A client weighing 130 lb (59.1 kg) with a traumatic head injury has developed increased intracranial pressure. The client is prescribed an initial dose of mannitol at 1.5 g/kg intravenously. The medication is available in premixed 500-mL bags of 20 g/100 mL. How many milliliters of solution should the nurse administer? Round the answer to the nearest whole number.

The nurse is caring for a client whose renal disease is known to be affecting the countercurrent mechanism in the client’s medullary nephrons. What assessment finding would best corroborate this?

According to summaries of several studies, which of the following behaviors was NOT found to be associated with deceptive communication?


Humans, in general, tend to be fairly accurate when trying to detect deception.