A patient with seasonal allergies experiences symptoms upon exposure to pollen. What is the sequence of events leading to these symptoms? 

Which part of the shoulder joint is often affected by degenerative diseases? 

Which of the following is a common cause of rotator cuff injuries in the shoulder? 

Which of the following is a characteristic of the adaptive immune system?

What role do mucous membranes play in host defense?

Which glycoprotein on the platelet membrane is crucial for platelet adhesion to the damaged vessel wall? 

An 80-year-old female with a history of recurrent infections is diagnosed with a late-stage cancer.   What role does immunosenescence play in her cancer progression? 

A 45-year-old male presents with pain and numbness in his right hand and forearm. He reports that his symptoms are worse with repetitive use of his hand and wrist. Physical examination reveals tenderness in the forearm muscles and a positive Tinel’s sign at the wrist.  What is the most likely diagnosis? 

A 5-year-old boy presents with spontaneous joint bleeding and easy bruising. Laboratory tests show prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and low factor VIII levels.  What is the most likely diagnosis? 

A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with melanoma. Genetic testing reveals a gain-of-function mutation in the BRAF gene, a proto-oncogene.  What is the primary consequence of this mutation?