Four-year-old Najeeb pays very careful attention to his fath…

Four-year-old Najeeb pays very careful attention to his father. He imitates many of his father’s actions, copies his behaviors, and responds appropriately to rewards and punishments for his own behaviors. Najeeb is learning many aspects of gender through the __________ theory.

At a recent viewing of the latest Hollywood blockbuster, Mad…

At a recent viewing of the latest Hollywood blockbuster, Maddie and Jacob shared an awkward moment. Maddie, deeply moved by the story line, began to cry during the movie, while Jacob sat twiddling his thumbs and wondering when the movie would finally be over. Afterward, while they were discussing their different reactions, Jacob said, “Well, girls always cry at sappy movies. That’s why guys really hate those kinds of shows.” Jacob is demonstrating that he holds very strong gender __________.