Which of the following viruses can cause cancer in humans

Hypermethylation of CpG islands is particularly effective at inactivating tumor suppressor genes when it occurs

Define Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) and briefly indicate a general example in which LOH would be detrimental to a person.

TGF-β signaling can inhibit cell entry into the cell division cycle. Describe a mechanism by which mitogen signaling through the PI3K/AKT pathway can counteract the inhibitory effects of TGF-β. Be sure to include the factors involved and the specific events that occur in your answer.

TGF-β antagonizes cell proliferation by

Which of the following is associated with an abnormal cell morphology?

Which of the following conditions may contribute to the hyperphosphorylation of pRb?

Briefly describe the two-hit hypothesis as it relates to cancer. Be sure to include in your description the type of cancer from which this hypothesis arose.

Constant (and random) mutation diversifies alleles within the genome, thereby expanding the species gene pool. In the context of Darwinian evolution, which of the following alleles are NOT likely to expand within a species gene pool?

Briefly describe the common mechanism by which the viral proteins E7, large T antigen, and E1A can promote cell cycle entry?