With regard to biological theories of crime,

There are four major justifications for punishment. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

From the radical-left view, the real crime in U.S. society is

Among full-time workers, women earn 81 percent as much as men. Among people age sixty-five and older (who may or may not be working), women earn ________ percent as much as men in the same age category.

In the United States, realistically, as many as ___ offenses actually occur each year.

According to the radical-left view, age stratification is

Which of these questions do NOT point to one of the factors that commonly influences whether violence is or is not likely to be defined as a social problem?

About what fraction of crimes are reported to the police?

Child abuse was defined as a social problem

Sociologists argue that what we experience as stages of life are