Regional Patents can be obtained at

Under European Union law, a license may prohibit the licensee from making unsolicited or passive sales to buyers outside the licensee’s territory.

In determining a royalty payment, the use of gross sales is generally favorable to the licensee, while net sales favor the licensor.

The “best efforts clause:

The Berne Convention provides international patent protection.

A licensing agreement in which the licensor retains the right to license within the licensed territory to other third parties is known as a:

Choose the most appropriate (specific) term from the dropdown menu for the term provided.

Parallel imports are often referred to as the black market problem.

The Paris Convention provides an 18 month period for a party obtaining a patent in one country to file applications in other member countries.

The compensation paid to the owner of IPR by a licensee is known as: