A large group of employees sues a company after discovering…

A large group of employees sues a company after discovering they were all denied overtime pay in violation of labor laws. Instead of filing separate lawsuits, they join together in a single case against the company. What type of legal action are they taking, and why is it effective?

In a recent Supreme Court case, the majority of justices rul…

In a recent Supreme Court case, the majority of justices ruled that a state law violated the First Amendment. Justice Smith agreed with the outcome but wrote separately, arguing that while the law violated the First Amendment, the reasoning used by the majority did not fully capture the complexity of the issue. Justice Thomas, on the other hand, disagreed entirely with the majority, arguing that the law was consistent with the Constitution. Which of the following correctly identifies the types of opinions written by Justice Smith and Justice Thomas?