The ASO latex reagent is a suspension of polystyrene particles coated with 

The ­­­lower the value of K, the larger the amount of antigen–antibody complex and the more visible or easily detectable the reaction.

Antistreptolysin O (ASO) is an agglutination test to screen for:

True Positive/ True Positive and False Negative X 100 is a formula for 

A patient’s serum sample is added to a solution containing particulate antigen, but no agglutination is observed. What should be done next?  

GI stands for gastrointestinal tract

Name a parallel reaction that we have encountered for reaction 5. Type in the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

Upload an image of your answer to this question. Both pyruvate decarboxylase (an enzyme associated with alcoholic fermentation) and one of the enzymes in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (E1) require thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). In fact, the same substrate goes through a common carbanion intermediate in both of these enzymatic reactions.  Draw the arrow pushing mechanism for the formation of this common carbanion intermediate and show how it is stabilized. For TPP, you only have to show the structural part that is involved in the reaction, i.e. the business end of the cofactor.  (5 pts.)  Beginning with the common stabilized carbanion intermediate, draw the arrow pushing mechanism for how a covalent S-acetyl dihydrolipoyl intermediate is formed in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. For the cofactors, you only have to show the ring structural part that is involved in the reaction – again, the business end of the cofactor.  (5 pts.)   

       die Glasglocke     

 die Frischhaltefolie