Charles S. Johnson was a leading African-American __________.

How did A. Philip Randolph differ from most other African-American civil rights leaders of his time?

The __________ style transformed white American culture in the 1930s.

The spark that set off the 1943 race riot in Detroit was an incident at a __________.

Herbert Hoover believed that __________.

By the Great Depression, in which area were black female workers concentrated?

Charles Hamilton Houston’s principal weapon in combatting discrimination was __________.

What did Roosevelt’s landslide win in the 1932 presidential election reflect?

Choose the main pattern of organization of the passage. The rubber balloon is an interesting elastic object. As an elastic balloon is inflated with helium and stretched away from its initial shape, the rubber exerts a force inward to restore equilibrium. As a result, each region of the balloon’s surface experiences three forces: an outward force from the pressure of helium inside, an inward force from the elastic skin of the balloon itself, and an inward force from the pressure of air outside. Once the balloon stops expanding and reaches a new state of equilibrium, it must be experiencing zero net force; the outward force must balance the two inward forces. Therefore, the pressure of the helium inside the balloon must be somewhat greater than the pressure of the outside air.

Choose the main pattern of organization of the passage. In the early 1900s, few people understood what could be done with rockets, and financial support for rocket development was difficult to obtain. It was not until 1926 that Robert Goddard launched the first liquid fuel rocket. Despite Goddard’s successes, rocket development in the United States proceeded very slowly with little government interest. It was Germany that brought about the rapid development of liquid fuel rockets in the late 1930s and early 1940s. The German V2 rocket, developed under the direction of Wernher von Braun (1912–1977), was the first missile to travel faster than the speed of sound, covering approximately 200 km in 5 minutes. The V2 was a potent terror weapon, and thousands were launched toward Antwerp and London during World War II. After the war, the Allies carted off every source of information about V2 technology that they could find, including von Braun himself, who eventually helped the United States put a man on the moon.