Causes of pulmonary edema include which of the following:           I.        increased hydrostatic pressure from left ventricular failure           II.       hypoxemia           III.      hypovolemic shock           IV.     low oncotic pressure (low blood protein)

The relative refractory period on an ECG tracing describes the point in time in which:

What is the treatment for asystole in a pulseless patient?        I.  epinephrine     II. defibrillation     III. effective CPR   

How does Intra aortic balloon pump counterpulsation assist the heart?   I.    increases venous return to the right side of the heart II.   decreases left ventricular afterload III.  improves coronary artery perfusion  

An arterial line waveform is showing the invasive blood pressure reading as 70/50. A cuff pressure manometer gives a reading of 120/70.  Reasons for this could be:                 I.   a clot in the a-line catheter                                      II.  a kink in the a-line catheter tubing          III. the pressure transducer is positioned too high

On an arterial pressure tracing the dicrotic notch occurs:

At what point in the cardiac cycle does the intra aortic balloon inflate?         I. During the P wave     II. End of the T wave    III. Beginning of diastole      IV. After the dicrotic notch

A patient’s chest x-ray shows pulmonary edema.  A swan ganz catheter is inserted which shows the following data:  PAP 35/20, PCWP 18mmHg, C.O. 3.5 lpm, the blood pressure is 90/50, and the SVR is 1800 dynes/cm/sec-5 ­­  The patient’s likely diagnosis is:

How will hemodynamic measurements be affected if the pulmonary artery catheter transducer is placed below the phlebostatic axis after the transducer has been zeroed?

An abnormal nuchal thickness can be associated with 3 things.  Name 2 of those things.