What are variables that influence swallowing? (select all that apply)

After reading chapter 7 in your textbook, read each question and answer to the best of your ability. Note: Spelling is important and answers will be deemed incorrect if the word is misspelled. 

We may get acid reflux if the _______ esophageal sphincter does not do its job, allowing stomach content into the esophagus.

Name Numeric Representation (#) Roman Numeral 1 Trochlear 4 Vestibulocochlear 11 Glossopharyngeal IX 10 Abducens VI Oculomotor 3 7 VII Optic II V Hypoglossal 12

One marked change in the swallows of people over the age of 60 is:

Closure of the larynx and apnea during pharyngeal transport protects airways from . This apneic interval typically lasts around  second(s).

When the paired palatal levator muscles contract, the velum is:

Substances that are _______ are associated with higher tongue forces than _______ ones.

The  esophagus consists of only smooth muscle.

The  esophagus consists of only striated muscle.