Below are pKa values for common amino acids.  Below are some postulated ionic species for a dipeptide. Blank #1: Use 3-letter abbreviations to name this dipeptide.  Blank #2: Which are the ionic species that are possible for this dipeptide at any given pH? List them by the letters identifying each ionic species (for example: A, B, C) Blank #3: Identify the zwitterion by the corresponding letter (for example: A) Blank #4: In which pH range does >90% of the -1 ion exist? (for example: 1.1 to 3.1) Blank #5: What is the isoelectric point of this dipeptide?

When individual droplets of oil in water coalesce into a single large drop: Blank #1: How does the entropy of the oil change? (increase/decrease) Blank #2: How does the entropy of the water change? (increase/decrease) Blank #3: Use the answers in blanks 1 and 2 to explain why the oil droplets coalesce into a single large drop. 

An octapeptide was completely hydrolyzed to yield the following set of eight amino acids (listed in alphabetical order; this is not the sequence): 2 Ala, 2 Lys, Met, Val, 2 Tyr (AAKKMVYY). Unfortunately, your lab is poor and you cannot afford an amino acid sequencer. However, you are capable of doing “old-school” chemistry and you obtain the following information: 1) Treatment of the octapeptide with cyanogen bromide did not cleave the octapeptide. 2) The octapeptide was treated with Sanger’s reagent and then completely hydrolyzed. One of the residues isolated was DNP-Val. 3) Treatment of the octapeptide with chymotrypsin yielded tyrosine, a tripeptide, and a tetrapeptide. The three fragments were separated via chromatography and the tripeptide was then treated with Sanger’s reagent and hydrolyzed. One of the three residues isolated from the hydrolyzed tripeptide was DNP-Val. 4) Treatment of the octapeptide with trypsin yielded lysine, a dipeptide, and a pentapeptide. The three fragments were separated via chromatography and the pentapeptide was then treated with Sanger’s reagent and hydrolyzed. One of the five residues isolated from the hydrolyzed pentapeptide hydrolysis was DNP-Val. What is the sequence of the original octapeptide?  

When 0.300 mol of HC2H3O2 and 0.300 mol NaC2H3O2 are added to enough water to make 1.00 L of solution, the pH of the resulting buffer is 4.74. The buffer is then titrated with NaOH. Calculate the pH of the solution after 0.020 mol of NaOH is added. 

A 500 MW coal-fired power plant is burning coal with a heating value of 12,000 BTU/lb. The coal contains 2.0% sulfur. The plant has a thermal efficiency of 38% and uses an air/fuel ratio of 14:1 (mass basis). If the coal firing rate is 374,123 lb/hr, calculate (a) the flue gas flow rate (in scfm, measured at 60 F).

Briefly discuss how wide application of autonomous vehicles may affect emissions. 

In 1787, the British government (having lost their American colonies) started shipping convicts to Australia.  They hired sea captains to transport the convicts by sailing ship.  Captains were paid upfront for the number of convicts they would be transporting. Conditions on board the ships were monstrous.  On one voyage, more than one-third of the men died and the rest arrived beaten, starved and sick.  Yet there was food available for the captain to sell in Australia. People were outraged.  Newspapers editorialized in favor of better conditions, clergy appealed to the captains’ sense of humanity, and legislators passed regulations requiring better and more food and water, light and air, and proper medical care.  Yet the death rate remained shockingly high.  Nothing appeared to be working. The prime minister has turned to you, a renowned economist, to tackle the problem of ensuring better treatment for the convicts. Using the Economic Way of Thinking, propose a new compensation structure for captains and explain why you expect this new structure to accomplish the intended purpose of ensuring better treatment for the convicts.

Compare the RAST results to the Wingate results.  Why are there differences in the patterns of relative power outputs between Wingate and RAST tests?

RAST 1-E =

RAST 1-G =