The Visigothic dynasty in Spain was plagued by disputed royal elections and successions and resulting dynastic instability.

As Christian influence in Spain spread southward in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries,

Between 950 and 1250, there was a major global climate change when

The Visigothic dynasty in Spain was plagued by disputed royal elections and successions and resulting dynastic instability.

Although it was Christian from a religious standpoint, the Byzantine Empire did not play a role in spreading Christianity.

The Islamic Empire spread rapidly partly because of the excellent Islamic generals and their fanatical soldiers.

Between 950 and 1250, there was a major global climate change when

The Capetian dynasty helped contribute to the consolidation and stability of the political evolution of France partially by

The Capetian dynasty helped contribute to the consolidation and stability of the political evolution of France partially by

As Christian influence in Spain spread southward in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries,