The are complex enzymatic systems associated with the cell surface of microorganisms, that mediate efficient degradation of plant cell wall , notably .

Microbial attachment of to host epithelial cells drives daily rhythms in production of host-derived in mice.

The table below shows the YATP (grams of cells per mol of ATP) from a strain of bacteria growing in different carbon sources. Explain why YATP is higher when the culture is growing on glucose compared to acetate. Explain the relationship between ATP yield (YATP) and cell yield (grams of cells per gram of substrate used).

Nanopore is a third generation sequencing tool that:

A bacterial culture has a growth rate of 0.4 per hour. Its doubling time is:

Which of the following IS NOT considered a factor affecting microbial growth yield?

The Table below shows the values of Gibbs free energy (∆G°’ = – RT lnKeq) of different chemical reactions under standard conditions. Which of the following statements is considered CORRECT?

Diel rhythms refer to:

NO DECIMAL. Rounding up if the first decimal is 5 or greater. A packing plant processes approximately 3600 heads of cattle per day. The average live weight is 1300 lbs with an agreeable shrinkage rate of 3% at arrival. The carcass price is $2.12/lb. With a dressing percentage of 62%, total HCW per day is lbs and the total value per day is $. With a dressing percentage of 63%, the packing plant will have lbs more of HCW in the cooler.  This difference in the amount of HCW is an equivalence of worker hours if average worker pay is $15 per hour.

For breakfast, you eat a meal with 28 grams of protein, 53 grams of carbohydrates, and 13 grams of fat. Between breakfast and lunch, you have a snack with 7 grams of fat, 20 grams of protein, and 46 grams of carbohydrates. For lunch, you eat a meal with 9 grams of fat, 16 grams of protein, and 62 grams of carbohydrates. How many calories have you consumed after eating your breakfast, snack, and lunch?