Choose from hormones listed below to complete statements #1  and #2 :  Andrenocorticotropic Hormone, Corticotropin-releasing hormone, Glucocorticoids   1. The    is secreted from the hypothalamus and it acts on the anterior  pituitary gland causing it to secrete     .  2. The release of the anterior pituitary gland hormone then acts on the adrenal cortex to cause it to secrete  .  

Match the Following Hormones to the correction function:  Leptin                        Mediates part of the sympathetic response to stress. Affects metabolism (increases blood                                  glucose). Also increases heart rate & BP Cortisol                     Reduces Ca+2 in ECF stimulates bone deposition and ossification. Effects  primarily children.    Aldosterone               Affects metabolism (increases blood glucose) Glucagon                  Stimulates kidneys to excrete (lose) Na+ and H2O. Regulates blood pressure.  T3 & T4 (thyroid Hormone)       Promotes Na+ retention and K+ secretion  by kidneys, maintains blood pressure &                                                      volume.  Epinephrine and Norepinephrine                    Suppresses apetite  Calcitonin                           Elevates metabolic rate, O2 consumption and heat production. Stimulates respiration                                            and circulation  Atrial Naturetic Peptide/Factor                     Stimulates red blood cell production by  bone marrow. Erythropoietin              Controls metabolism and response to stress. Increases blood glucose. Suppresses immune                                   (defense) system.

A scientist is constructing a phylogenetic tree for a group of animals and observes that two distantly related species both have spiny body coverings. However, when examining other species on the tree, the scientist finds that at least three other descendant species positioned between them do NOT have spiny body coverings. According to the parsimony principle, what is the MOST LIKELY explanation for the presence of spiny body coverings in the two distant species?

A population of beetles lives in a forest. A hurricane sweeps through the area, randomly killing a large portion of the population, leaving behind only a few survivors who do not necessarily have traits that make them better adapted to the environment. Over time, the genetic makeup of the population changes due to this random loss of individuals. Which agent of evolution is MOST responsible for this change?

4) In the case of hypertension, how does excessive shear stress on endothelial cells impact the blood vessel’s capacity to self-regulate?

17) The strength of the cardiac muscle contraction depends on ____________________ because compared to skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle cells __________________.  

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7) According to Poiseuille’s Law, which factor most impacts the volume of liquid that flows through a vessel?

25) Which of the following best describes the rhythm in this ECG strip?

30) What does ejection fraction indicate?