An ICER is calculated by dividing the difference in total costs by the difference in the chosen measure of health outcome or effect to provide a ratio of ‘extra cost per extra unit of health effect’ for the more expensive therapy vs the alternative.

The goal of demand planning is to strike a balance between having sufficient inventory levels to meet customer needs without having a surplus.

Humanistic outcomes in pharmacoeconomic analyses include:

Which of the following best represents a direct nonmedical cost? 

 Which of the following best describes direct purchasing?

Key procurement challenges include:

The goals of pharmacovigilance include the following:

 Which of the following best represents an intangible cost?

Select the correct combining form for the following terms. Skin:

Choose the accented syllable in the following terms (for example: anemia = ne, diagnosis = no, endocrine = en). Gastrectomy: