How can developmental milestones be biased?

A 35yo G4P4  presents for her PP visit. She has no health issues and had an uncomplicated birth. She has normal exam findings. She smokes 1-2 cigarettes a day to ease her stress, but plans to quit soon. She does not smoke around the baby. She is breastfeeding, and it is going well. She requests contraception, because another baby would “put her over the edge” right now.  She has not had intercourse since the before the delivery. Option(s) for her include:

Freezing breast milk will kill the yeast organism candida, associated with thrush, so milk can be kept once pumped 

Essential elements of a birth center and home birth are:

During assessment of the patient on MgS04, a sign of developing toxicity would be.

Which of the following statements about circumcision  is false? 

The name of the normal newborn rash is:

In an average person, during a graded exercise test, stroke volume will plateau around 50% of VO2 max but cardiac output will continue to increase throughout the test. Why does stroke volume plateau and how does cardiac output continue to increase? 

If the afferent neuron associated with a muscle spindle fires (generates an action potential) due to the spindle being stretched, what will occur next?

Physiologically, the postpartum period begins