Transcription is the ________.   A) manufacture of a strand of RNA complementary to a strand of DNA B) manufacture of two new DNA double helices that are identical to an old DNA double helix C) modification of a strand of RNA prior to the manufacture of a protein D) manufacture of a protein based on information carried by RNA

The founder effect differs from a population bottleneck in that the founder effect ________.   A) requires a small population B) is a type of natural selection C) can occur only on an oceanic island colony D) involves the isolation of a small colony of individuals from a larger population

The original source of genetic variation that serves as the raw material for natural selection is ________.   A) mutation B) gene flow C) geographic isolation D) random fertilization

What is the ultimate source of all diversity?   A) natural selection B) sexual recombination C) meiosis D) mutation

DNA replication ________.   A) is a slow process that results in virtually no errors B) requires DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase C) is a very fast process that results in numerous errors D) requires the cooperation of over a dozen enzymes and other proteins

How many nucleotides make up a codon?   A) two B) three C) four D) five

Of the following, which is the last step in the production of a recombinant DNA plasmid?   A) cloning B) using DNA ligase to join DNA fragments C) cutting the gene of interest into fragments D) allowing the reproduction of the bacterium bearing the recombinant plasmid

The expressed (coding) regions of eukaryotic genes are called ________.   A) caps B) promoters C) exons D) introns

Which of the following is the best definition for recombinant DNA?   A) DNA that results from bacterial conjugation B) DNA that includes pieces from two different sources C) an alternate form of DNA that is the product of a mutation D) DNA that carries a translocation

Which of the following is an example of sexual selection?   A) Bacteria evolve resistance to antibiotics. B) Cheetahs experienced a population bottleneck. C) Peahens choose to mate with peacocks that have the most beautiful tails. D) Female butterflies have a higher survival rate than male butterflies.