What best describes what’s been happening with the U.S. budget in the past 30 years?

You order a $20 sweatshirt online for a Father’s Day gift. The shipping charge is $10. You can get free shipping if your order totals $25 or more.  Consequently, you order a $5 bobble head doll, even though neither you nor your father really likes bobble head dolls. This is an example of

Suppose South Korea imports $4 billion in goods and services and exports $2.5 billion in goods and services. South Korea’s trade balance is ____________. This trade balance is called a ____________.

Suppose the price of a 75″ HD TV remains the same and the price of an iPhone decreases. What noticeable effect(s) occur(s)?

A competitive firm will shut down and produce output level Q = 0 if

2.  Name the following biomolecules.  In the case of peptides, also provide 3- letter codes.  (12 pts – 4 ea.)           a)                                name:                3-letter code:                     b)                          c)                                         

9.  Metabolic pathways begin with initial organic substrate(s) at the first step and end with one or more final (organic or inorganic) products at the last step.  For each pathway below, state the initial substrate(s) and final product(s).  Pathways marked with (*) require either two substrates, two products, or both.  A proton gradient could be considered a product.  Do not count ATP or coenzymes as substrates/products here.  (32 pts – 2 ea. substrate/product)                                                                      initial substrate(s)                                          final product(s)      a) glycolysis (anaerobic conditions)      b) glycogen biosynthesis      c) Krebs cycle*      d) electron transport*      e) beta-oxidation      f) urea cycle*

5.  Define three (3) of the following six biochemical terms – you get to drop three.  Use complete sentences.  If you do all six, I will grade only the first three.  (6 pts – 2 ea.)      a) biochemistry –      b) primary structure (of protein) –      c) carbohydrate –      d) metabolic pathway –      e) lipid bilayer –      f) codon –

7.  Matching.  Below are structures of biomolecules and coenzymes encountered in this course.  In the blank provided, write the number of the term that best describes/names the structure given.  (16 pts – 2 ea.)             a) _____                                                                                 b)  _____                                 c) _____                                                                                 d)  _____                                                                                                           e) _____                                                                                 f)  _____                                                                                                                    g) _____                                                                                 h)  _____                                           adenosine triphosphate                  8.  FAD                                        15.  S-adenosylmethionine alditol                                               9.  fructose                                  16.  sphingomyelin ascorbic acid                                  10.  glycerophospholipid                 17.  sucrose biotin                                              11.  lactose                                   18.  sugar phosphate carnitine                                         12.  lipoic acid                              19.  tetrahydrofolate coenzyme A                                   13.  NAD+                                     20.  thymine nucleotide cytidine nucleoside                       14.  oligopeptide                          21.  triacylglycerol

13.  Answer part a) or b), NOT both.      a) What will happen in a muscle cell if citrate is high?  Think about ALL pathways now – including fatty acid metabolism.  A successful answer will mention three key regulatory enzymes (2 ea.) and address at least four pathways (1 ea.) affected by this situation.  It has to be reasonable to receive full credit.  (10 pts)   OR      b)    Describe the events of the Q cycle of Complex III.  Begin with dihydroubiquinone binding the complex.  Be sure to account for two electrons going to Complex IV.  (10 pts)