The DIKW hierarchy represents the flow from Data → Information → Knowledge → Wisdom. 

The Open Data Movement promotes:

. Unsupervised learning uses labeled data for training.

Data is considered the raw material from which information is derived.

In text analytics, sentiment analysis helps determine the emotional tone of written content.

AI ethics includes considerations such as transparency, privacy, and accountability.

Which of the following is not a text preprocessing step?

Which clustering method is density-based?

Data quality has little effect on the accuracy of analytics results.

A confusion matrix can be used to evaluate regression models.