What sonographic appearance describes how to identify hydronephrosis?

In cases of hydronephrosis, what parenchyma is evaluated to determine how much functioning tissue remains?

A 43-year-old female patient presents to the ultrasound department complaining of right flank pain and dysuria. A generalized swelling of the kidney is demonstrated. The medullary pyramids appear well defined.  This is most suspicious for

___________ is a rare type of CPN characterized by replacement of normal parenchyma with lipid-laden (foamy) macrophages, plasma cells, and multinucleated giant cells.

Name the three PEFR (Peak Expiratory Flow Rate) zones and their corresponding values used as a tool for the objective assessment in asthma

Discrete, high-level, comma-like, specular echoes arching over the tops of the pyramids described the normal sonographic appearance for what renal structure?

Oncocytoma cannot be distinguished from renal cell carcinoma.

What pathology is best demonstrated by use of Doppler for evaluating ureteral jets?

A resistive index (RI) greater than 0.70 in a kidney is consistent with early

A malignant tumor of the lining of the renal pelvis, calyces, ureters, and bladder describes a(n):