The R Markdown and Jupyter Notebook files include the questions, the empty code chunk sections for your code, and the text blocks for your responses. Answer the questions below by completing either the R Markdown or the Jupyter Notebook file.  You will submit an pdf file created using either template.  You may make slight adjustments to get the file to knit/convert but otherwise keep the formatting the same. Once you’ve finished answering the questions, submit your responses in a single knitted file (just like the homework data analysis assessments). There are two questions  within each with sub-questions. The number of points for each question is provided for each question. Partial credit may be given if your code is correct but your conclusion is incorrect or vice versa. Next Steps: Save the template of your choice in your R working directory – the same directory where you will download the data file for this midterm exam. Having both files in the same directory will help in reading the .csv file. Read the question and create the R code necessary within the code chunk section immediately below each question. Knitting this file will generate the output and insert it into the section below the code chunk. Type your answer to the questions in the text block provided immediately after the response prompt. Once you’ve finished answering all questions, knit this file and submit the knitted file as PDF on Canvas. You will also have the option to submit an csv file with your predictions.  Please note that there will be a penalty applied to your grade if you do not submit the html file (if you submit instead the unknitted file). Make sure to knit your work as you answer the questions one by one to avoid issues with knitting the file in the last minutes of the exam. Ready? Let’s begin. We wish you the best of luck! Data Set  (right-click the link and select to open in new window/tab)   Midterm 1 SP 2025.csv Midterm 1 Spring 2025.Rmd Midterm 1 Spring 2025 Template.rmd R Markdown Starter Template Midterm 1 Spring 2025.rmd  Jupyter Notebook Starter Template Midterm 1 Spring 2025.ipynb

Which liver lesion is primarily composed of blood vessels?​

The Islets of Langerhans beta cells are those that produce and secrete which of the following hormones?

A patient with cirrhosis arrives at the emergency department with a distended abdomen. After performing a CT, it is determined the patient has ascites from their cirrhosis. Which of the following procedures can help remove fluid from the abdomen?

When trying to determine if a hepatic lesion is malignant or not, which of the following imaging modalities would be best? 

Performing an MRI of the abdomen/pelvis is limited by bowel motion.

When there is a suspected esophageal tear, which of the following contrast agents should be used?

Which of the following conditions is evaluated by performing a nuclear medicine gastric emptying scan?

Metastatic liver cancer is more common than primary liver cancer.

A CT Enterography examination helps diagnose which of the following conditions?