(04.05 MC) In the Galapagos islands, larger iguanas are more successful at reproducing and have more offspring. How would the population change if larger body size also makes iguanas more vulnerable to predatory birds? (3 points)

(06.04 HC) In one fishing ground off the coast of England, herring were fished so extensively that their numbers dropped 30-fold in 15 years. A fishing ban allowed herring numbers to rebound to the extent that they are now a species of least concern. For a species that is declining, like the herring, why might a scientists want to establish a “no-fishing” zone (like a marine protected area) as a tool for dealing with overfishing? Explain two benefits and list at least one potential limitation of this type of intervention. (5 points)

(06.01 MC) Why does the presence of invasive species generally result in a decrease in biodiversity of native species in an area? (3 points)

(06.04 LC) What can you logically infer from the following facts: (3 points) There is a greenhouse effect Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas People have increased the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dramatically since industrial times

(06.03 LC) What is the most effective long-term solution to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emissions? (3 points)

(06.03 LC) Is oil a renewable or nonrenewable resource? Why? (3 points)

(05.06 LC) When burning oil on the surface, what equipment is also used to contain the fire? (3 points)

(04.03 MC) The diagram below represents a marine food web and a process that can harm the human population. Each circle represents an organism and the smaller dots inside them represent a toxic substance. What is being represented and how does it harm the population? (3 points) © 2016 CC-BY-SA

(04.05 LC) Scientists use whale flukes to identify individuals in a population. Which of the following characteristics of a whale fluke is not a genetic variation passed on from parent to offspring? (3 points) © 2016 CC-BY-SA

(04.05 LC) During nesting season, each female loggerhead sea turtle will lay several clutches of eggs, each one being around 100 eggs. On average, one out of 1000 eggs will survive to adulthood. This is an example of what biological process? (3 points)